Lowboy vs. Step Deck Trailers: Which One Suits Your Hauling Needs?

When hauling heavy equipment, choosing the right trailer can mean a smooth, cost-effective trip and a logistical headache. Lowboy and step deck trailers are two of the most commonly used options in the construction, agriculture, and logistics industries. While both are designed to transport oversized freight, they have key differences that affect load height, weight capacity, and permit requirements.

If you’re trying to decide between a lowboy or a step deck, Hale Trailer Brake and Wheel’s guide will break down everything you need to know, including applications, regulations, and industry-specific applications so you can make the best choice for your hauling needs.

What Is a Lowboy Trailer?

A lowboy trailer is a semi-trailer designed to haul tall, heavy equipment while staying within legal height limits. It features an ultra-low deck, usually between 18 and 24 inches from the ground, allowing it to transport loads exceeding standard trailers’ height restrictions.

Key Features of a Lowboy Trailer

Lowboys are built for extreme weight and oversized loads. Their design offers several advantages:

• Lower deck height provides extra clearance for tall equipment like excavators and bulldozers.
• Heavy-duty axle configurations allow for greater weight capacity.
• Detachable gooseneck options make loading and unloading easier—equipment can be driven directly onto the trailer.
• Ideal for construction, oil & gas, and heavy machinery transport industries.

A major advantage of a lowboy is that it eliminates the need for extra height permits in many situations. However, depending on the cargo weight, dimensions, and additional axles, permits and escort vehicles may be required.

What Is a Step Deck Trailer?

A step deck trailer is a modified flatbed with two deck levels—an upper and a lower deck. This design allows for taller cargo without exceeding the standard height limit of 13 feet, 6 inches on U.S. highways.

Key Features of a Lowboy Trailer

Step decks are widely used because they offer more versatility than a standard flatbed while avoiding many height restrictions requiring special permits. Some key benefits include:

• A lower deck height of approximately 42 inches allows taller freight without requiring an oversized load permit.
• They are lighter than a lowboy, making them a cost-effective option for medium-duty hauling.
• Straightforward loading and unloading using forklifts, ramps, or cranes.

Step decks are ideal for agriculture, manufacturing, and general freight transport, where loads are oversized but don’t require extreme weight support.

Differences Between Lowboy & Step Deck Trailers

Both lowboy and step deck trailers are designed for oversized loads, but their structural differences—particularly in deck height and weight capacity—make each better suited for specific hauling scenarios.

• Deck Height: Lowboys sit much lower (18–24 inches) than step decks (33–42 inches).
• Maximum Load Height (Without a Permit): Lowboys can carry loads up to 12 feet, while step decks may cap out at 10 feet before needing a permit.
• Weight Capacity: Lowboys support heavier loads and often require extra axles. Step decks are lighter and better suited for medium-weight freight.
• Best Use Cases: Lowboys are designed for massive construction equipment, while step decks are more versatile for agricultural equipment and tall freight.

Choosing the right trailer depends on load height, weight, and transport needs. A lowboy is the way to go if you’re carrying extreme loads. A step deck is a cost-effective option if you need flexibility and don’t exceed height limits.

Maintenance & Long-Term Costs

Lowboys often need more frequent maintenance due to the stress of carrying heavier loads. Common upkeep expenses include:

• Tires and axles (more axles mean higher replacement costs).
• Hydraulics on RGNs (hydraulic mechanisms wear out faster).
• Frame stress from repeated heavy loads.

On the other hand, step decks require less frequent maintenance and are generally cheaper to operate over time.

Regulations & Permits – What You Need to Know

Federal and state DOT regulations dictate maximum legal loads for both trailers.

Weight Limits & Axle Requirements

• Lowboys: Typically require special permits due to their weight and axle configurations.
• Step Decks: You can often stay within legal limits without extra paperwork.

Oversized Load Permits

A lowboy may require additional permitting if:

• The load exceeds height restrictions (varies by state).
• The weight requires additional axles or pilot vehicles.

Step decks rarely require permits, making them easier for standard transport jobs.

How to Choose the Right Trailer for Your Business

Selecting the right trailer comes down to understanding your hauling needs.

• How tall is your typical cargo? If it’s over 10 feet, a lowboy is necessary.
• Do you need to transport extreme weights? Lowboys handle significantly heavier loads.
• Are you traveling across state lines? Permit regulations vary, and lowboys often require more paperwork.

Truck Compatibility & Towing Considerations

Not all trucks can handle both trailer types. Lowboys often need:

• Stronger pulling capacity due to weight.
• Fifth-wheel compatibility for detachable goosenecks.

Step decks are easier to tow and compatible with most semi-trucks.

Making the Right Choice for Your Hauling Needs

Choosing between a lowboy and step deck trailer depends on your hauling needs. A lowboy is the best option if you’re moving massive construction equipment. If you need versatility for tall but lighter loads, a step deck does the job without the extra permitting headaches.

We offer the largest selection of lowboys and step decks at Hale Trailer for sale or rent. No matter your hauling needs, our team can help you find the right equipment to do the job.

Need help choosing a trailer? Call Hale Trailer Brake and Wheel today and let our experts guide you to the best solution for your business.